The CPM 9V Powder Steel Round Bar, crafted by the Crucible Particle Metallurgy process, stands as a testament to superior engineering. It boasts a modified composition from CPM 10V, featuring reduced carbon and vanadium levels to enhance toughness and resistance to heat checks. These exceptional properties allow CPM 9V to excel in challenging applications where traditional high carbon and high chromium tool steels, such as CPM 10V or high-speed steels, fall short in toughness or heat check resistance. Simultaneously, it surpasses lower alloy and hot work tool steels in wear resistance. The CPM process ensures the production of extremely homogeneous and high-quality steel, characterized by outstanding dimensional stability, grindability, and robustness compared to conventional steel-making techniques.
Typical Applications:
Forming Rolls
Punches
Rolling Mill Rolls
Dies
Header Tooling
Slitter Knives
Extrusion Tooling
Shear Blades
Pelletizer Blades
Granulator Blades
Plasticizing Components: Non-return Valves and Screws
Chemical Composition:
Physical Properties:
Elastic Modulus32 X 10 psi
(221 GPa)
Density0.269 lbs./in³
(7.455 g/cm³)
Thermal Conductivity
BTU/hr-ft-°FW/m-Kcal/cm-s-°C
72°F (22°C)
11.83
20.48
4.89 X 10²
212°F (100°C)
12.48
21.60
5.16 X 10²
392°F (200°C)
13.35
23.10
5.52 X 10²
572°F (300°C)
14.59
25.25
6.03 X 10²
932°F (500°C)
14.91
25.81
6.16 X 10²
1004°F (540°C)
15.07
26.08
6.23 X 10²
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
°F°Cin/in/°Fm/m/°C
70 - 200
(20 - 90)
6.15X10-6
(11.07X10-6)
70 - 400
(20 - 200)
6.21X10-6
(11.18X10-6)
70 - 800
(20 - 430)
6.45X10-6
(11.61X10-6)
70 -1200
(20 - 650)
6.59X10-6
(11.86X10-6)
Thermal Treatments:
Critical Temperature: 1590°F (865°C) Forging: 2000-2100°F (1095-1150°) Do not forge below 1700°F (930°C). Slow Cool. Annealing: Heat to 1650°F (900°C), hold 2 hours, slow cool no faster than 30°F (15°C) per hour to 1000°F (540°C), then furnace cool or cool in still air to room temperature. Annealed
Hardness: About BHN 223-255
Stress Relieving Annealed Parts: Heat to 1100-1300°F (595-700°C), hold 2 hours, then furnace cool or cool in still air.
Hardened Parts:
Heat to 25-30°F (15°C) below original tempering temperature, hold 2 hours, then furnace cool or cool in still air. Straightening: Best done warm 400-800°F (200-430°C)
Hardening Preheat:
Heat to 1550-1600°F (845-870°C) Equalize. Second pre-heat stage at 1850-1900°F (1010-1040°C) suggested for vacuum or atmosphere hardening.
Austenitize:
1850-2150°F (1025-1175°C), hold time at temper ature 30-45 minutes.
Quench:
Air or positive pressure quench (2 bar minimum) to below 125°F (50°C), or salt or interrupted oil quench to about 1000°F (540°C), then air cool to below 125°F (50°C). Salt bath treatment, if practical, will ensure maximum attainable tough ness for a given hardening treatment. Vacuum or atmosphere quench rate through 1850-1300°F(1010-705°C) range is critical to achieve optimum heat treat response.
Temper:
Double temper at 1000°F (540°C) minimum. 2 hours minimum each time. (See Table)
Size Change: +0.01%
Recommended Heat Treatment:
For the best combination of toughness and wear resistance, austenitize 9V at 2050°F (1120°C), hold 30-45 minutes, and quench. Temper 3 times at 1025°F (550°C).
Aim hardness: 54-56 HRC.
Higher austenitizing temperatures can be used to obtain higher hardness, at a slight decrease in impact resistance. The lower austenitizing temperatures provide the best impact toughness.
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