CPM 9V is meticulously crafted through the Crucible Particle Metallurgy process, re-engineered from CPM 10V with reduced carbon and vanadium to significantly boost toughness and heat check resistance. This advanced composition empowers CPM 9V to excel in demanding applications where high carbon, high chromium tool steels, such as CPM 10V, or high-speed steels fall short in toughness and heat check resistance. Additionally, it surpasses lower alloy and hot work tool steels in wear resistance. The CPM process delivers extraordinarily homogeneous, high-quality steel, distinguished by exceptional dimensional stability, grindability, and toughness, outperforming steels made through traditional methods.
Typical Applications:
Forming Rolls
Punches
Rolling Mill Rolls
Dies
Header Tooling
Slitter Knives
Extrusion Tooling
Shear Blades
Pelletizer Blades
Granulator Blades
Plasticizing Components: Non-return Valves and Screws
Chemical Composition:
Physical Properties:
Elastic Modulus32 X 10^6 psi
(221 GPa)
Density .269 lbs./in³
(7.455 g/cm³)
Thermal Conductivity
BTU/hr-ft-°FW/m-°Kcal/cm-s-°C
72°F (22°C)
11.83
20.48
4.89 X 10^-2
212°F (100°C)
12.48
21.60
5.16 X 10^-2
392°F (200°C)
13.35
23.10
5.52 X 10^-2
572°F (300°C)
14.59
25.25
6.03 X 10^-2
932°F (500°C)
14.91
25.81
6.16 X 10^-2
1004°F (540°C)
15.07
26.08
6.23 X 10^-2
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
°F°Cin/in/°Fm/mm/°C
70 - 200
(20 - 90)
6.15X10^-6
Thermal Expansion Coefficient: (11.07X10-6)
Temperature Range: 70 - 400°F
Pressure Range: (20 - 200 PSI)
Thermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.21X10-6
Thermal Expansion Coefficient: (11.18X10-6)
Temperature Range: 70 - 800°F
Pressure Range: (20 - 430 PSI)
Thermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.45X10-6
Thermal Expansion Coefficient: (11.61X10-6)
Temperature Range: 70 -1200°F
Pressure Range: (20 - 650 PSI)
Thermal Expansion Coefficient: 6.59X10-6
Thermal Expansion Coefficient: (11.86X10-6)
Thermal Treatments:
Critical Temperature: 1590°F (865°C) Forging: 2000-2100°F (1095-1150°C). Avoid forging below 1700°F (930°C). Employ slow cooling. Annealing: Heat to 1650°F (900°C), hold for 2 hours, then cool slowly at a rate no faster than 30°F (15°C) per hour until reaching 1000°F (540°C). Proceed with furnace or still air cooling to room temperature. Annealed.
Hardness: BHN 223-255
Stress Relieving of Annealed Parts:Heat to 1100-1300°F (595-700°C), maintain for 2 hours, then cool in a furnace or still air.
Stress Relieving of Hardened Parts:
Heat to 25-30°F (15°C) below the original tempering temperature, hold for 2 hours, then cool in a furnace or still air. Straightening: Best performed at 400-800°F (200-430°C).
Hardening Preheat:
Heat to 1550-1600°F (845-870°C) for equalization. For vacuum or atmospheric hardening, a second preheat at 1850-1900°F (1010-1040°C) is recommended.
Austenitize:
Heat to 1850-2150°F (1025-1175°C), and maintain at temperature for 30-45 minutes.
Quench:
Use air or positive pressure quench (minimum 2 bar) to cool below 125°F (50°C), or employ salt or interrupted oil quenching to approximately 1000°F (540°C), followed by air cooling to below 125°F (50°C). Salt bath treatment can optimize toughness for the selected hardening procedure. The quenching rate through the 1850-1300°F (1010-705°C) range in vacuum or atmosphere conditions is vital for optimal heat treatment response.
Temper:
Double temper at a minimum of 1000°F (540°C) for at least 2 hours each cycle. (Refer to Table for details)
Dimensional Change: +0.01%
Recommended Heat Treatment:
For the best balance of toughness and wear resistance, austenitize 9V at 2050°F (1120°C), hold for 30-45 minutes, and then quench. Perform tempering three times at 1025°F (550°C).
Target Hardness: 54-56 HRC
Higher austenitizing temperatures can achieve greater hardness, albeit with a slight reduction in impact resistance. Conversely, lower austenitizing temperatures provide superior impact toughness.
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