CPM 9V, crafted through the renowned Crucible Particle Metallurgy process, presents a refined composition of CPM 10V with reduced carbon and vanadium. This advancement significantly enhances toughness and heat check resistance, making it a superior choice in challenging applications. Unlike high carbon, high chromium tool steels such as CPM 10V or high-speed steels that struggle with toughness or heat check resistance, and lower alloy or hot work tool steels that lack wear resistance, CPM 9V excels. The unique CPM process ensures exceptionally homogeneous steel, offering unmatched dimensional stability, grindability, and toughness, all vital for demanding industrial applications.
Typical Applications:
Forming Rolls
Punches
Rolling Mill Rolls
Dies
Header Tooling
Slitter Knives
Extrusion Tooling
Shear Blades
Pelletizer Blades
Granulator Blades
Plasticizing Components: Non-return Valves and Screws
Chemical Composition:
Physical Properties:
Elastic Modulus32 X 106psi
(221 GPa)
Density0.269 lbs./in3
(7.455 g/cm3)
Thermal Conductivity
BTU/hr-ft-°FW/m-°Kcal/cm-s-°C
72°F (22°C)
11.83
20.48
4.89 X 10-2
212°F (100°C)
12.48
21.60
5.16 X 10-2
392°F (200°C)
13.35
23.10
5.52 X 10-2
572°F (300°C)
14.59
25.25
6.03 X 10-2
932°F (500°C)
14.91
25.81
6.16 X 10-2
1004°F (540°C)
15.07
26.08
6.23 X 10-2
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
°F°Cin/in/°Fm/°C
70 - 200
(20 - 90)
6.15X10-6
(11.07X10-6)
70 - 400
(20 - 200)
6.21X10-6
(11.18X10-6)
70 - 800
(20 - 430)
6.45X10-6
(11.61X10-6)
70 -1200
(20 - 650)
6.59X10-6
(11.86X10-6)
Thermal Treatments:
Critical Temperature: Reach up to an optimal 1590°F (865°C). Forging: Perform between 2000-2100°F (1095-1150°C) and avoid forging below 1700°F (930°C). Ensure a slow cooling process. Annealing: Heat to 1650°F (900°C) and maintain for 2 hours. Cool slowly at a rate not exceeding 30°F (15°C) per hour until 1000°F (540°C), followed by either furnace cooling or still air cooling to ambient temperature. Result: Annealed.
Hardness: Approximately BHN 223-255
Stress Relieving Annealed Parts:Heat the material to a range of 1100-1300°F (595-700°C), hold for 2 hours, then cool either in the furnace or in still air.
Hardened Parts:
Heat to just 25-30°F (15°C) below the initial tempering temperature, hold for 2 hours, then cool in the furnace or still air. Straightening is best performed warm in the range of 400-800°F (200-430°C).
Hardening Preheat:
Begin by heating to 1550-1600°F (845-870°C) and equalize. A second pre-heat stage at 1850-1900°F (1010-1040°C) is recommended for vacuum or atmosphere hardening.
Austenitize:
Austenitize at temperatures of 1850-2150°F (1025-1175°C), maintaining a hold time of 30-45 minutes.
Quench:
Utilize air or positive pressure quenching (minimum 2 bar) to below 125°F (50°C). Alternatively, salt or interrupted oil quenching down to about 1000°F (540°C), followed by air cooling to below 125°F (50°C) is effective. Salt bath treatments, when feasible, ensure the highest toughness for the selected hardening treatment. The quench rate in a vacuum or atmosphere through the range of 1850-1300°F (1010-705°C) is crucial for optimal heat treat response.
Temper:
Double temper at a minimum of 1000°F (540°C), maintaining each tempering cycle for a minimum of 2 hours. (Refer to the provided table for precise details).
Size Change: +0.01%
Recommended Heat Treatment:
For an optimal mix of toughness and wear resistance, austenitize the 9V at 2050°F (1120°C), maintain for 30-45 minutes, and proceed with quenching. Perform tempering 3 times at 1025°F (550°C).
Target hardness: Achieve an aim hardness of 54-56 HRC.
Note: Employing higher austenitizing temperatures results in higher hardness but slightly less impact resistance, while lower temperatures offer superior impact toughness.
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